Aurangzeb: The Complex Legacy of an Iconoclastic Emperor
Aurangzeb Alamgir, the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, remains one of the most controversial figures in Indian history. Born in 1618, he ascended to the throne in 1658 after a bitter war of succession with his brothers. Aurangzeb's reign, which lasted until his death in 1707, is characterized by both remarkable achievements and profound controversies, making him a subject of heated debate among historians and scholars. Aurangzeb was known for his strong religious piety, a trait that significantly influenced his policies and actions during his rule. He implemented a series of measures aimed at promoting Islamic orthodoxy, including the imposition of the jizya tax on non-Muslims and the destruction of Hindu temples. These actions have often been criticized as evidence of his intolerance and religious bigotry. However, Aurangzeb's reign was also marked by significant territorial expansion and administrative reforms. He expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest territorial exte...